Health and Safety
Grade 8 Science Worksheets
Environment, Health, and Safety
Our well-being – our health and safety – are closely linked to the environment in which we live and work. We must protect ourselves and others around us from accidents, infections and diseases. And we also must protect the environment from hazards and disasters that could be caused by our actions and work. Environment, Health, Safety(EHS) is a general term that deals with lawsand regulations to protect people and environment. It is very important for survival and sustainability of humans and our planet.
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Safety – Awareness and Measures
Safety is the freedom from harm, freedom from danger of harm, and the precautions people take to avoid harm, danger, mishaps and accidents. It is also a state of mind – you feel safe inside your home but not so safe in the wilderness. Safety Engineers incorporate safety in all buildings, structures and equipment in our homes, schools, workplaces, highways, and communities. Yet, each of us must constantly remain aware of our own safety and of the safety of people around us.
“Safety begins at home”is often quoted to prevent accidents from falls, electricity or fire.
Here are some measures to prevent the same–
- Use a sturdy ladder to reach objects placed at a height
- Keep floormats to prevent slips and falls in wet areas like bathrooms
- Wear heavy work shoes while mowing the lawn or digging in the garden
- Install a smoke detector in the kitchen
- Keep medicines, hazardous equipment, harmful chemicals, in locked cabinets
- Always dry your hands before using any electrical equipment like a hair dryer
- Pick up toys, shoes, and other objects from the floor to prevent slips and falls
“Occupational Safety” is mandatorily taught to all office, manufacturing, and mine workers such as–
- Detectors and sprinklers to control fires, and fire drills conducted in high rise buildings
- Permissions and procedures to operate machines and other equipment correctly
- Special standards for people working with explosives in mines and quarries
- Safety guards around machines
- Protective helmets, goggles, boots, clothes in hazardous environments
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Other areas where safety measures are important include –
- At school, in the gym or playground, or in the laboratory
- While playing sports, especially winter sports or water sports
- While driving a car, riding a bicycle, or as a pedestrian in public places
- During emergencies such as floods, earthquakes, tornados, hurricanes
Depending on where you are at any time, and what the circumstances are around you, it is necessary for you to learn all about safety to protect yourself and others around you.
Health, Nutrition and Fitness
Our physical, mental, and social, well-being determines our health. Health is not just the absence of disease or infection. A truly healthy person not only feels good physically but also exhibits the following –
- Has a realistic outlook on life
- Strives for happiness and enjoys life
- Gets along well with other people
- Sets and achieves goals for themselves
WHY IS KNOWLEDGE IMPORTANT AND WHAT KNOWLEDGE DO YOU NEED TO MAINTAIN GOOD HEALTH?
1. Knowledge about the human body
Knowledge about the human body and its functions is essential to living a healthy life. Basic knowledge about biology is also important to understand diseases and infections.
Infectious Diseases are caused by germs, or micro-organisms, such as bacteria and viruses, and also by fungi, worms, and protozoa. Theyare CommunicableDiseases – they can be spread by people, insects, non-living or contaminated things handled by sick persons, or through drinking water because of poor hygiene and sanitation.Infectious diseases can result in Epidemics or Pandemics, such as the Covid-19 virus that the world is facing. Influenza, pneumonia, measles, mumps, skin diseases, malaria, yellow fever, are just a few of the many infectious diseases.
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Bacteria under a microscope
Non-infectious Diseases are not caused by germs, but are caused by a variety of other factors –
- Breakdown of tissues and organs can cause chronic, long-term, degenerative disorders such as arthritis and hormonal diseases such as diabetes
- Lifestyles that cause stress and tension can lead to heart diseases, hypertension and strokes
- Exposure to chemicals and radiation can cause cancer
- CongenitalDiseases present since birth, such as hemophilia
- EnvironmentalandOccupationalDiseases caused by factory emissions, automobile pollution,usage of some chemicals, can cause lung diseases and many other illnesses including cancer
Knowledge about how our body can catch disease or infection, how our body fights disease, and how to live healthily through good living habits, benefitsus and the society we live in.
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2. Knowledge about Nutrition
Knowledge about food and how the body uses food is essential for health and survival. Food in the form of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, minerals, vitamins, and water, are all essential for human survival and sustenance. Food provides certain chemical substances,called Nutrients, needed for good healthand energy.
Over-eating, under-nutrition, poor or irregular eating habits can lead to conditions such as obesity, vitamin deficiency, lack of energy, reduced immunity, and a variety of diseases such as scurvy, rickets, anemia, goiter and even cardiovascular diseases and diabetes.
A Balanced Diet which provides the right amounts of vitamins, proteins, carbohydrates and minerals is important for healthy living.
3. Knowledge about Fitness
Exercise keeps the body healthy and fit, both physically and emotionally. It strengthens muscles and improves circulatory and respiratory systems. Cycling, jogging, swimming, brisk walking, gym workout, or playing any sport, is essential on a daily basis to maintain fitness. Together with fitness is the need for rest and sleep to overcome fatigue and restore energy to the body.
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Check Point
- EHS deals with ________, ________, and ________.
- Safety in offices, manufacturing, and mining is termed as _______ safety.
- Diseases spread by people, insects, and non-living things are known as ________ diseases.
- Chemical substances we obtain from food for good health are called ________.
- The right amounts of vitamins, proteins, carbohydrates and minerals, important for healthy living, is called a ________ diet.
Answer Key
- Environment, Health, Safety
- Occupational
- Communicable
- Nutrients
- Balanced
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8th Grade Free Worksheets
- The Universe
- Heredity
- Evolutionary Theory
- Structure of the atom
- Ethical Practices
- Unveiling the mystery behind the physical universe
- Components of the universe
- Celestial phenomena
- The tilt of Earth’s axis
- The causes of high and low tides
- Earth Systems
- Rocks and Fossils
- Weather and Climate
- Basics of chemical reactions
- Types of Chemical reactions – Endothermic, exothermic, oxidation, reduction reactions
- Catalysts and enzymes
- Compounds and mixtures
- Acids, Bases and pH Indicators
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